Published on November 2025 | Criminology, Demonology, Classical School, Neo-Classical School, Positivist School, Biological Theories

SCHOOLS OF CRIMINOLOGY: EVOLUTION, THEORIES, AND CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVES

Criminology, as an interdisciplinary field, has evolved through multiple philosophical, biological, psychological, and sociological lenses to explain the causes and control of crime. This paper explores the major Schools of Criminology—ranging from early demonological beliefs to modern multifactorial and sociological theories.